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What causes lithium ion batteries to fail?
Overheating is one of the main causes of lithium ion battery failures, although physical damage to the battery can also lead to problems. Excessive heat—for example from using a faulty charger and overcharging the battery, or due to a short circuit—can damage the battery cell internally and cause it to fail. The major issue with lithium ion batteries overheating is a phenomenon known as thermal runaway. In this process, the excessive heat promotes the chemical reaction that makes the battery work, thus creating even more heat and ever more chemical reactions in a disastrous spiral. Physical damage to lithium ion battery cells can allow the electrolyte inside to leak, which is another potential hazard risk.
How does an ambient temperature influence battery performance?
Generally, the battery performance is directly related to temperature. Under low temperature the battery discharge rate will obviously reduce. At -20 °C charge speed will greatly slow down as electrolyte is at its freezing point. Generally charge efficiency is in direct proportion to temperature rising. But the battery materials will be damaged when the temperature rises to 45 °C or higher. That leads to a great shortening of the battery service life.
How do I safely package lithium batteries for transport?
One of the major risks associated with the transport of batteries and battery-powered equipment is short-circuit of the battery as a result of the battery terminals coming into contact with other batteries, metal objects, or conductive surfaces. Packaged batteries or cells must be separated in a way to prevent short circuits and damage to terminals. They must be packed in a strong rigid outer packaging unless when contained in equipment, the battery is afforded equivalent protection by the equipment in which it is contained.
How can batteries be effectively protected against short circuit?
Methods to protect against short circuit include, but are not limited to, the following methods:
Packing each battery or each battery-powered device when practicable, in fully enclosed inner packagings made of non-conductive material (such as a plastic bag); Separating or packing batteries in a manner to prevent contact with other batteries, devices or conductive materials (e.g. metal) in the packagings; and ensuring exposed terminals or connectors are protected with non-conductive caps, nonconductive tape, or by other appropriate means.
If not impact resistant, the outer packaging must not be used as the sole means of protecting the battery terminals from damage or short-circuiting. Batteries should be securely cushioned and packed to prevent shifting which could loosen terminal caps or reorient the terminals to produce short circuits. Terminal protection methods include but are not limited to the following:
Securely attaching covers of sufficient strength to protect the terminals; Packaging the battery in a rigid plastic packaging; and constructing the battery with terminals that are recessed or otherwise protected so that the terminals will not be subjected to damage if the package is droppe.
How long can a rechargeable lithium battery be stored?
Lithium ion batteries have a self-discharge ability during storage for its electrochemistry construction. Every month a battery self-discharge rate is various depending on the battery design, environment and etc. However, it will leads to an increase of the battery internal resistance because of the taking place of various processes during the storage. It therefore leads to a reduction in load capability.
How should lithium ion batteries be disposed of?
Lithium ion batteries and the devices that contain them should not go in household garbage or recycling bins. They can become damaged or crushed during transportation and processing, and may become a fire hazard. Instead, lithium ion batteries should be taken to separate recycling or hazardous waste collection points. The local waste management or recycling center should be able to take lithium ion batteries as well.
What are the reasons for short battery life?
Over charged or over discharged happened which destroyed the battery.
Charger or charge circuit does not match to battery system.
Battery systems are not consistent with applications
Why are batteries with short discharge time?
Battery is not fully charged.
Excessively big discharge current.
Low ambient temperature.
What do possibly results in battery unchargeable?
Charger is failure to output current.
Wrong battery connection, or abnormity inner parts or circuit protector.
There are 0V cells.
External factors such as low temperature lead to extremely low charge rate.
Why do cells or battery packs can not discharge?
Self-discharge in storage.
Excessively low ambient temperature and low discharge efficiency.
Why does 0V or low voltage happen?
Batteries are external short-circuited or overcharged, reverse charged.
Internal or slight short circuit for continues overcharging at high rate current.
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